1. Educate individuals and communities about how to use health and social service systems (including understanding how systems operate)
2. Educate systems about community perspectives and cultural norms (including supporting implementation of Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services [CLAS] standards)
3. Build health literacy and cross-cultural communication

1. Conduct health promotion and disease prevention education in a manner that matches linguistic and cultural needs of participants or community
2. Provide necessary information to understand and prevent diseases and to help people manage health conditions (including chronic disease)

1. Participate in care coordination and/or case management
2. Make referrals and providing follow-up
3. Facilitate transportation to services and helping address barriers to services
4. Document and track individual and population level data
5. Inform people and systems about community assets and challenges

1. Provide individual support and coaching
2. Motivate and encourage people to obtain care and other services
3. Support self-management of disease prevention and management of health conditions (including chronic disease)
4. Plan and/or lead support groups

1. Advocate for the needs and perspectives of communities
2. Connect to resources and advocating for basic needs (e.g. food and housing)
3. Conduct policy advocacy

1. Build individual capacity
2. Build community capacity
3. Train and build individual capacity with peers and among CHW groups

1. Provide basic screening tests (e.g. height, weight, blood pressure)
2. Provide basic services (e.g. first aid, diabetic foot checks)
3. Meet basic needs (e.g., direct provision of food and other resources)

1. Participate in design, implementation, and interpretation of individual-level assessments (e.g. home environmental assessment)
2. Participate in design, implementation, and interpretation of community-level assessments (e.g. windshield survey of community assets and challenges, community asset mapping)

1. Case-find/recruit individuals, families, and community groups to services and systems
2. Follow-up on health and social service encounters with individuals, families, and community groups
3. Home visit to provide education, assessment, and social support
4. Present at local agencies and community events

1. Engage in evaluating CHW services and programs
2. Identify and engage community members as research partners, including community consent processes
3. Identify priority issues and evaluation/research questions
4. Develop evaluation/research design and methods
5. Collect and interpret data
6. Share results and findings
7. Engage stakeholders to take action on findings

1. Use language confidently
2. Use language in ways that engage and motivate
3. Communicate using plain and clear language
4. Communicate with empathy e. Listen actively
5. Prepare written communication including electronic communication (e.g., email, telecommunication device for the deaf
6. Document work
7. Communicate with the community served (may not be fluent in language of all communities served)

1. Provide coaching and social support
2. Conduct self-management coaching
3. Use interviewing techniques (e.g. motivational interviewing)
4. Work as a team member
5. Manage conflict
6. Practice cultural humility

1. Coordinate care (including identifying and accessing resources and overcoming barriers)
2. Make appropriate referrals
3. Facilitate development of an individual and/or group action plan and goal attainment
4. Coordinate CHW activities with clinical and other community services
5. Follow-up and track care and referral outcomes

1. Help others identify goals and develop to their fullest potential
2. Work in ways that increase individual and community empowerment
3. Network, build community connections, and build coalitions
4. Teach self-advocacy skills
5. Conduct community organizing

1. Contribute to policy development
2. Advocate for policy change
3. Speak up for individuals and communities

1. Use empowering and learner-centered teaching strategies
2. Use a range of appropriate and effective educational techniques
3. Facilitate group discussions and decision-making
4. Plan and conduct classes and presentations for a variety of groups
5. Seek out appropriate information and respond to questions about pertinent topics
6. Find and share requested information
7. Collaborate with other educators
8. Collect and use information from and with community members

1. Participate in individual assessment through observation and active inquiry
2. Participate in community assessment through observation and active inquiry

1. Conduct case-finding, recruitment and follow-up
2. Prepare and disseminate materials
3. Build and maintain a current resource inventory

1. Set goals and to develop and follow a work plan
2. Balance priorities and to manage time
3. Apply critical thinking techniques and problem solving
4. Use pertinent technology
5. Pursue continuing education and life-long learning opportunities
6. Maximize personal safety while working in community and/or clinical settings
7. Observe ethical and legal standards (e.g. CHW Code of Ethics, Americans with Disabilities Act [ADA], Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act [HIPAA])
8. Identify situations calling for mandatory reporting and carry out mandatory reporting requirements
9. Participate in professional development of peer CHWs and in networking among CHW groups
10. Set boundaries and practice self-care

1. Identify important concerns and conduct evaluation and research to better understand root causes
2. Apply the evidence-based practices of Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) and Participatory Action Research (PAR)
3. Identify priority issues and evaluation/research questions
4. Develop evaluation/research design and methods
5. Collect and interpret data
6. Share results and findings
7. Engage stakeholders to take action on findings

The National CLAS Standards are intended to advance health equity, improve quality, and help eliminate health care disparities by establishing a blueprint for health and health care organizations to:

1. Principal Standard
2. Advance and sustain organizational governance and leadership that promotes CLAS and health equity through policy, practices, and allocated resources.
3. Recruit, promote, and support a culturally and linguistically diverse governance, leadership, and workforce that are responsive to the population in the service area.
4. Educate and train governance, leadership, and workforce in culturally and linguistically appropriate policies and practices on an ongoing basis.
5. Offer language assistance to individuals who have limited English proficiency and/or other communication needs, at no cost to them, to facilitate timely access to all health care and services.
6. Inform all individuals of the availability of language assistance services clearly and in their preferred language, verbally and in writing.
7. Ensure the competence of individuals providing language assistance, recognizing that the use of untrained individuals and/or minors as interpreters should be avoided.
8. Provide easy-to-understand print and multimedia materials and signage in the languages commonly used by the populations in the service area.
9. Establish culturally and linguistically appropriate goals, policies, and management accountability, and infuse them throughout the organization's planning and operations.
10. Conduct ongoing assessments of the organization's CLAS-related activities and integrate CLAS-related measures into measurement and continuous quality improvement activities.
11. Collect and maintain accurate and reliable demographic data to monitor and evaluate the impact of CLAS on health equity and outcomes and to inform service delivery.
12. Conduct regular assessments of community health assets and needs and use the results to plan and implement services that respond to the cultural and linguistic diversity of populations in the service area.
13. Partner with the community to design, implement, and evaluate policies, practices, and services to ensure cultural and linguistic appropriateness.
14. Create conflict and grievance resolution processes that are culturally and linguistically appropriate to identify, prevent, and resolve conflicts or complaints.
15. Communicate the organization's progress in implementing and sustaining CLAS to all stakeholders, constituents, and the general public.

1. Knowledge about social determinants of health and related disparities
2. Knowledge about pertinent health issues
3. Knowledge about healthy lifestyles and self-care
4. Knowledge about mental/behavioral health issues and their connection to physical health
5. Knowledge about health behavior theories
6. Knowledge of basic public health principles
7. Knowledge about the community served
8. Knowledge about United States health and social service systems